****************************************************** NOTES: The following file was extracted by COPA from the U.S. EPA VISITT 4.0 database, for use on the COPA BBS. The information in the VISITT database is provided directly by the technology vendors, and is not verified by EPA or COPA. ******************************************************* The following information is contained in this file: Vendor Contact Information Technology Description Technology Highlights Technology Limitations Other Comments on Technology Waste Applicability Representative Projects Technical References Estimated Price Range Treatability Study Capabilities Pilot Scale Information Full Scale Information Page No. 1 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B ________________________________________________________________________ Technology Trade Name: The Westinghouse Soil Washing System Address: 675 Park North Boulevard Building F, Suite 100 City: Clarkston, Georgia 30021 USA Contact: William E. Norton, P.E. Title: SENIOR ENGINEER Phone: (404) 299-4736 Fax: (404) 299-4703 Status: Full scale ________________________________________________________________________ DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY Westinghouse offers leading edge technology for on-site soil washing of contaminated soils, sludges, and other materials. Soil washing removes the contaminants from soil such that a large portion of the inlet soil is cleaned and discharged with contamination levels below a specified limit. The extracted contaminants are concentrated in the remaining, smaller portion of the soil for disposal. The Westinghouse Soil Washing Process (WSWP) is one of the few such technologies that can treat soils contaminated with organics, heavy metals, radionuclides, and combinations of contaminants. The WSWP evolved from a combination of Westinghouse mining and remediation experience. The full-scale units are integrated process trains which use equipment originally developed for the mining industry. The process is arranged to form three functional units: * an initial screening and wash of coarse materials; * breakup of the remaining solids followed by a thorough wash; a high intensity leaching and separation of the contaminated fines from the clean soil. Westinghouse maintains two full-scale soil washing units. Both process a continuous feed of soil, the larger unit at 20 tons per hour, and the smaller one from 2 to 4 tons per hour. Both units are trailer mounted and can be easily mobilized. Page No. 2 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B TECHNOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS The Westinghouse soil washing technology offers the following unique benefits: * designed specifically to use and recycle aqueous-based leachates * broad experience base on full-scale operation * proven effective in handling soils that are difficult to wash, such as clays * costs are competitive with or lower than other treatment technologies * compact design, quick set-up, and high capacity (20 tons per hour) * proven and documented high efficiency in removing organic contamination * both bench- and pilot-scale facilities and capabilities are well developed * aqueous-based, biodegradable leachates are used so that soil washing residuals will not pose future contamination problems Page No. 3 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B TECHNOLOGY LIMITATIONS Page No. 4 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B OTHER COMMENTS ON TECHNOLOGY Westinghouse has completed a major soil washing project which involved remediation of 16,000 cubic yards of material contaminated with metals at site near Bruni, Texas. In addition, Westinghouse has completed bench-, and full-scale pilot testing for the remediation of a wood treating site. Westinghouse has also successfully performed numerous bench-, and pilot-scale treatability studies. This practical experience base includes performance with the following contaminants and soil conditions: * uranium and radium in a 40 percent clay soil * copper in a coarse soil * polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in a sandy soil * silty oil landfarm soils contaminated with grease, PCBs, and uranium * river/sewer sediments contaminated with mercury and uranium * sandblasting sand contaminated with lead * clay contaminated with hexavalent chromium * sludges contaminated with chrome, nickel, and copper * sandy soil contaminated with lead and petroleum hydrocarbons * clay soil contaminated with uranium and nickel * ash contaminated with lead, cadmium, and zinc Page No. 5 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS Media Actual/Potential _ _ Soil (in situ) X_ X_ Soil (ex situ) X_ X_ Sludge (Does not include municipal sewage sludge) _ _ Solid (e.g., slag) _ _ Natural sediment (in situ) X_ X_ Natural sediment (ex situ) _ _ Groundwater (in situ) _ _ Off-gas generated from a primary innovative technology _ _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) in situ _ _ Light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPL) in situ Page No. 6 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS (Continued) Contaminants and Contaminant Groups Treated Actual/Potential Actual/Potential _ X_ Halogenated volatiles X_ X_ Heavy metals X_ X_ Halogenated semivolatiles _ _ Nonmetallic toxic elements _ X_ Nonhalogenated volatiles X_ X_ Radioactive metals _ _ Nonhalogenated semivolatiles _ _ Asbestos _ X_ Organic pesticides/herbicides _ _ Inorganic cyanides _ X_ Dioxins/furans _ _ Inorganic corrosives X_ X_ PCBs X_ X_ Polynuclear aromatics (PNAs) Miscellaneous_____________ _ X_ Solvents _ _ Explosives/propellents _ X_ Benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene- _ _ Organometallic pesticides/ xylene (BTEX) herbicides _ _ Acetonitrile (organic cyanide) _ _ Organic acids Others: Page No. 7 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS (Continued) Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated Actual/Potential Actual/Potential _ X_ Agriculture _ X_ Munitions manufacturing _ _ Battery recycling/disposal _ X_ Paint/ink formulation _ X_ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ X_ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ X_ Coal gasification _ X_ Petroleum refining and reuse _ X_ Dry cleaners _ X_ Photographic products _ X_ Electroplating _ _ Plastics manufacturing X_ X_ Gasoline/service station _ X_ Pulp and paper industry _ X_ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ X_ Other organic chemical manufacturing _ X_ Industrial landfills _ X_ Other inorganic chemical _ X_ Inorganic/organic pigments manufacturing _ X_ Machine shops _ _ Rubber manufacturing X_ X_ Metal ore mining and smelting _ X_ Semiconductor manufacturing _ X_ Municipal landfill X_ X_ Wood preserving Others: X_ X_ Uranium mining ---------- Soil washing of sandblasting sand contaminated with lead and leaded paint chips Page No. 8 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Bruni ______________________________________________ City: Bruni _________________________ State/Province: Texas ____________________ Country: USA _______________ Project Took Place at Site Named: Yes At another Site (e.g., a Test Facility): No Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated _ Agriculture _ Paint/ink formulation _ Battery recycling/disposal _ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ Petroleum refining and reuse _ Coal gasification _ Photographic products _ Dry cleaning _ Plastics manufacturing _ Electroplating _ Pulp and paper industry _ Gasoline service station _ Other organic chemical manuf. _ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ Other inorganic chemical manufacturing _ Industrial landfills _ Semiconductor manufacturing _ Inorganic/organic pigments _ Rubber manufacturing _ Machine shops _ Wood preserving _ Metal ore mining and smelting X_ Uranium mining _ Municipal landfills _ Munitions manufacturing Others: __________ Page No. 9 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Bruni ______________________________________________ Regulation/Statute/Organization Media _ RCRA Corrective Action _ Soil (in situ) _ CERCLA X_ Soil (ex situ) _ TSCA _ Sludge _ Safe Drinking Water Act _ Solid _ UST Corrective Action _ Natural Sediment (in situ) _ U.S. Department of Defense _ Natural Sediment (ex situ) _ U.S. Department of Energy _ Groundwater (in situ) X_ State: Texas _ Off-gas generated from a primary treatment technology _ Other: _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Not Applicable _ Light nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Other: Volume/Quantity Treated: 16,000 __________ cubic yards _______________(units) Area treated (for in situ projects): __________ _______________(units) Depth treated (for in sity projects): __________ _______________(units) Page No. 10 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Bruni ______________________________________________ Application Type X_ Full-scale cleanup _ TSCA Research and Development _ Field Demonstration _ EPA SITE Demonstration Program _ Pilot scale treatability study _ EPA SITE Emerging Technology Program _ RCRA Research, Development and Demo _ Research _ TSCA National Demonstration Other: __________ Estimated or actual total and/or unit cost for this project Cost: 200 ____________ Units: ton _________________ Total: NA ____________ Page No. 11 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Bruni ______________________________________________ Performance Data Contaminant Untreated Concent. Treated Concent. ----------------------------- --------------------- ---------------------

Page No. 12 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Bruni ______________________________________________ Person outside company familiar with project (optional): Name: ________________________________________ Company: ________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Phone: Additional Project Information: _______________ Page No. 13 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Sandblasting Sand ______________________________________________ City: Minneapolis/St. Paul _________________________ State/Province: Minnesota ____________________ Country: USA _______________ Project Took Place at Site Named: Yes At another Site (e.g., a Test Facility): No Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated _ Agriculture _ Paint/ink formulation _ Battery recycling/disposal _ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ Petroleum refining and reuse _ Coal gasification _ Photographic products _ Dry cleaning _ Plastics manufacturing _ Electroplating _ Pulp and paper industry _ Gasoline service station _ Other organic chemical manuf. _ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ Other inorganic chemical manufacturing _ Industrial landfills _ Semiconductor manufacturing _ Inorganic/organic pigments _ Rubber manufacturing _ Machine shops _ Wood preserving _ Metal ore mining and smelting _ Uranium mining _ Municipal landfills _ Munitions manufacturing Others: __________ Construction site - DOT Page No. 14 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Sandblasting Sand ______________________________________________ Regulation/Statute/Organization Media _ RCRA Corrective Action _ Soil (in situ) _ CERCLA X_ Soil (ex situ) _ TSCA _ Sludge _ Safe Drinking Water Act _ Solid _ UST Corrective Action _ Natural Sediment (in situ) _ U.S. Department of Defense _ Natural Sediment (ex situ) _ U.S. Department of Energy _ Groundwater (in situ) X_ State: Minnesota _ Off-gas generated from a primary treatment technology _ Other: _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Not Applicable _ Light nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Other: Volume/Quantity Treated: 60 __________ tons _______________(units) Area treated (for in situ projects): __________ _______________(units) Depth treated (for in sity projects): __________ _______________(units) Page No. 15 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Sandblasting Sand ______________________________________________ Application Type X_ Full-scale cleanup _ TSCA Research and Development _ Field Demonstration _ EPA SITE Demonstration Program _ Pilot scale treatability study _ EPA SITE Emerging Technology Program _ RCRA Research, Development and Demo _ Research _ TSCA National Demonstration Other: __________ Estimated or actual total and/or unit cost for this project Cost: ____________ Units: _________________ Total: ____________ Page No. 16 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Sandblasting Sand ______________________________________________ Performance Data Contaminant Untreated Concent. Treated Concent. ----------------------------- --------------------- ---------------------

Page No. 17 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Sandblasting Sand ______________________________________________ Person outside company familiar with project (optional): Name: ________________________________________ Company: ________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Phone: Additional Project Information: _______________ Only 60 tons out of the 1,100 tons initially contracted for cleanup were treated due to higher costs than originally estimated costs. Page No. 18 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Wood Preserving Facility ______________________________________________ City: Onville _________________________ State/Province: California ____________________ Country: USA _______________ Project Took Place at Site Named: Yes At another Site (e.g., a Test Facility): No Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated _ Agriculture _ Paint/ink formulation _ Battery recycling/disposal _ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ Petroleum refining and reuse _ Coal gasification _ Photographic products _ Dry cleaning _ Plastics manufacturing _ Electroplating _ Pulp and paper industry _ Gasoline service station _ Other organic chemical manuf. _ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ Other inorganic chemical manufacturing _ Industrial landfills _ Semiconductor manufacturing _ Inorganic/organic pigments _ Rubber manufacturing _ Machine shops X_ Wood preserving _ Metal ore mining and smelting _ Uranium mining _ Municipal landfills _ Munitions manufacturing Others: __________ Page No. 19 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Wood Preserving Facility ______________________________________________ Regulation/Statute/Organization Media _ RCRA Corrective Action _ Soil (in situ) X_ CERCLA X_ Soil (ex situ) _ TSCA _ Sludge _ Safe Drinking Water Act _ Solid _ UST Corrective Action _ Natural Sediment (in situ) _ U.S. Department of Defense _ Natural Sediment (ex situ) _ U.S. Department of Energy _ Groundwater (in situ) _ State: _ Off-gas generated from a primary treatment technology _ Other: _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Not Applicable _ Light nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Other: Volume/Quantity Treated: 450 __________ tons _______________(units) Area treated (for in situ projects): __________ _______________(units) Depth treated (for in sity projects): __________ _______________(units) Page No. 20 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Wood Preserving Facility ______________________________________________ Application Type _ Full-scale cleanup _ TSCA Research and Development _ Field Demonstration _ EPA SITE Demonstration Program X_ Pilot scale treatability study _ EPA SITE Emerging Technology Program _ RCRA Research, Development and Demo _ Research _ TSCA National Demonstration Other: __________ Estimated or actual total and/or unit cost for this project Cost: 150 ____________ Units: ton _________________ Total: ____________ Page No. 21 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Wood Preserving Facility ______________________________________________ Performance Data Contaminant Untreated Concent. Treated Concent. ----------------------------- --------------------- --------------------- Pentachlorophenol (PCP) 25 -75 ppm 5 -17 ppm Page No. 22 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Wood Preserving Facility ______________________________________________ Person outside company familiar with project (optional): Name: ________________________________________ Company: ________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Phone: Additional Project Information: _______________ PAHs also existent in the soil could not be remediated. Page No. 23 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B TECHNICAL REFERENCES Author(s): Dr. Lahoda, E.J., Grant, D.C., and Dietrich, A.J. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Title: Treatment of Y-12 Plant Mixed Waste Contaminted Soils ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Journal/Conference: Environmental Remediation 91 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Date: 09/15/91 ____________________ NTIS/EPA Document Number(s): _________________________ Page No. 24 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B TECHNICAL REFERENCES Author(s): Dr. Lahoda, E.J., Grant, D.C., and Dietrich, A.J. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Title: Remediation of U and Ra Contaminated Soils Using the WSWP ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Journal/Conference: DOE Model Conference ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Date: 10/15/91 ____________________ NTIS/EPA Document Number(s): _________________________ Page No. 25 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B ESTIMATED PRICE RANGE Estimated price range per unit of waste treated : $ 150.00 __________ to $ 250.00 __________ per ton _______________ Price estimates shown above do not always include all indirect costs associated with treatment, such as excavation, permits and treatment of residuals. For price comparisons, users should make certain that vendors provide estimates based on comparable remediation activities. Factors that have a significant effect on unit price. (1 is highest). 4__ Initial contaminant concentration __ Moisture content of soil 3__ Target contaminant concentration 5__ Site Preparation 2__ Quantity of waste 6__ Waste handling/preprocessing __ Depth of contamination 7__ Amount of debris with waste __ Depth to groundwater 1__ Characteristics of soil __ Characteristics of residual waste __ Utility/Fuel rates __ Labor Rates Others: __________ Page No. 26 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B TREATABILITY STUDY CAPABILITIES (BENCH-SCALE) Description of bench-scale testing procedures: ---------- Westinghouse has developed a bench-scale testing program that has been used to confidently predict the performance of numerous pilot tests and our full-scale operations. The program cosists of four phases, each of whcih is detailed below. * Sample Characterization establishes the physical and chemical characteristics of the site soil to be treated. Contaminant distribution among the various soil size fractions is also noted. * The Feasibility Evaluation screens potentially applicable leachent/soap combinations for their efficacy in removing the targeted constituents. The results of this series of tests dictate the leachents(s) studied in the next phase of the testing. * Process Refinement examines the effects of the attrition scrubber residence time and mineral jig upflow on the overall process performance. The results of this testing are of sufficient quality to predict full-scale operating parameters and in some cases, full-scale operating costs. * Leachate testing determines the treatment method necessary for the recycling and reuse of the leachate. All bench-scale tests are conducted in-house, and Westinghouse is permittd to conduct experiments with RCRA, TSCA, and radioactive materials. A five-gallon representative sample of site soil is usually sufficient to assess the applicability of the Westinghouse Soil Washing Process (WSWP). Material balances for each contaminant of concern are performed for each test to assess the accuracy of the sample analysis and test procedures. Can you conduct bench-scale treatability studies on some types of waste at your location: Yes Number of bench-scale studies conducted to date. (Does not include tests on surrogate wastes) : 12_____ Page No. 27 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B PILOT SCALE INFORMATION Pilot unit processes : Given the success of a bench-scale treatability study, Westinghouse can confidently provide preliminary cost estimates for remediating soils with the WSWP. A field or laboratory demonstration can then be carried out to establish specific operating conditions, provide proof of performance, and allow a more precise cost estimate. The pilot-scale equipment has a capacity of 0.5 to 1 ton per hour of feed soil and can provide accurate scalable information on as little as 2 to 5 cubic yards (2.5 to 6.5 tons) of soil. Westinghouse's pilot-scale soil washing unit is a scaled down (one trailer) version of the 20 tons per hour unit. As such, the basic processing elements of intital screening/wash, solids breakup/initial wash, and leaching/washing are identical of those of the full scale unit. Vendor services:X_ Equipment manufacture X_ Subcontractor for cleanup services X_ Prime contractor for full-service remediation X_ Other: Remedial Design Page No. 28 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B PILOT SCALE INFORMATION (Continued) Number of pilot-scale systems : 2_____ Planned/in design 0_____ Under construction 1_____ Constructed Pilot-scale facility is : X_ Transportable _ Fixed _ In situ Capacity range for batch processes: 1 ____________ to 4 ____________ tons/hour _______________ Can you conduct pilot-scale treatability studies on some types of waste at your location? Yes At a contaminated site? Yes Quantity of waste needed for pilot-scale treatability study : 2.5 ____________ to 20 ____________ tons _______________ Number of pilot-scale studies conducted on wastes from different sources or sites : 2_____ Page No. 29 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B FULL SCALE INFORMATION Major unit processes : The Westinghouse Soil Washing Process is an integrated process which separates soil components from contaminants, and in many cases, separates the contaminants from each other. This is accomplished using a combination of particle separation and chemical extraction. The process is modified to fit the needs of the particular site by using various extraction solutions and particle separations. The process consists of three basic elements: size separation; leaching/washing; and separation of liquid and soil waste streams. These elements are addressed below. Initial Screening/Wash Screening mechanically separates and washes successively smaller particles from the treatment stream. The remaining material is further classified and washed in a rotary drum and screw clarifier. Solids Breakup/Intial Wash An attrition scrubber is used with a leachate solution to wash the highly contaminated fines and contaminants from the larger soil particles. The key variable of this unit's operation is the residence time. The optimum time is determined by testing. Attrition scrubbing may require several steps. Leaching/Washing A mineral jig is used to physically separate the contaminated fines from the larger particles and to thoroughly rinse the clean sands. Jigging separates solids based on density and size, with the fines and liquid carried off as a separate waste stream. The upflow rate is the key variable in this unit's operation and is determined by the test data. In all cases, the washing solution is treated for reuse in the system. Page No. 30 of 30 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: SOIL WASHING (s0B FULL SCALE INFORMATION (Continued) Vendor services: X_ Equipment manufacture X_ Subcontractor for cleanup services X_ Prime contractor for full-service remediation X_ Other: Remedial Design Full-scale facility is: X_ Transportable _ Fixed _ In situ Number of full-scale cleanups initiated or completed by this firm using this technology: 2______ Number of full-scale systems: 1_____ Planned/in design 0_____ Under construction 2_____ Constructed Capacity range: 1 ____________ to 20 ____________ tons/hour _______________ For equipment manufacturers - estimated or actual number of full-scale cleanups by other firms using this equipment: 0______ Page No. 1 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B ________________________________________________________________________ Technology Trade Name: Westinghouse Thermal Desorption Unit (TDU) Address: 675 Park North Boulevard Building F, Suite 100 City: Clarkston, Georgia 30021-1962 USA Contact: Jeff Rouleau Title: Project Engineer Phone: (404) 299-4698 Fax: (404) 296-9752 Status: Full scale ________________________________________________________________________ DESCRIPTION OF TECHNOLOGY Westinghouse offers leading edge technology for the on site thermal detoxification of contaminated soils and sludges. Thermal desorption is based on the principle of adsorption and desorption. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon where forces associated with the surface of a solid attract molecular or ionic species from a gas or liquid to the solid. Desorption is the reverse of adsorption. The Westinghouse thermal desorption unit (TDU) heats the surface of the solid to reverse adsorption. The principle of operation of the Westinghouse TDU is as follows: Soil is fed into the Westinghouse TDU, in which the soil temperature is raised above the boiling point of the contaminants present, causing the contaminants to volatilize. The vaporized contaminants are condensed and captured. Water vaporized from the soil is cleaned and utilized to remoisturize the soil to the original moisture level. The concentrated contaminants are collected and transferred off site for further treatment, such as incineration. The Westinghouse TDU uses infrared heaters to raise the temperature of the soil on the wire mesh belt and to volatilize the contaminants in a semicontinuous process. The key to successful thermal treatment processes is the careful control of residence time and soil temperature. Controlling these parameters maximizes throughput, minimizes energy use, and produces a treated soil that consistently meets regulatory requirements. Since the Westinghouse process utilizes a wire mesh belt system, the residence time is known exactly, even for the finest particle. In addition, carryover of fines is minimized since there is no active tumbling of the soils in the purge gas and because the purge gas flow rate is very low. This is particularly important if clays or sludges are being treated. This innovative Westinghouse technology is supported by full in-house capabilities to perform bench-scale treatability testing and associated analyses. Westinghouse tailors bench-scale testing programs to determine the efficiency and feasibility of thermal desorption in decontaminating soils and meeting cleanup standards, regulatory criteria, or other treatment goals. Page No. 2 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TECHNOLOGY HIGHLIGHTS The Westinghouse thermal desorption unit (TDU) can operate at varying temperatures depending on the contaminants. Temperature in the heating chamber can be raised to about 1,200 degrees Fahrenheit. This unit operates at approximately atmospheric pressure with an oxygen-deficient atmosphere. By using infrared heating rods and a wire mesh belt system, the process can be controlled to meet various customer needs. The Westinghouse thermal desorption process is a simple technology, offering the following benefits while avoiding the negative features of on site incineration. The process: Precludes concerns about air emissions (since there are none), making it community friendly. Minimizes permitting requirements (there is no process water or process gas discharge). Lowers overall cost of soil detoxification, significant relative to incineration. Provides a controlled process with well-defined operating parameters. Produces simple treatment by-products: a clean soil and a concentrated contaminant which is transported off site for further treatment. The Westinghouse thermal desorption process offers the following benefits as compared to rotary-type desorption processes: Known residence time and temperature for each soil particle. Controlled bed thickness of soil in the unit. Limited potential for fines carryover since there is no tumbling of the soils in the purge gas and because the purge gas flow rate is very low. Page No. 3 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TECHNOLOGY LIMITATIONS The capacity of the Westinghouse thermal desorption unit is dependent on the characteristics of the feed material, primary soil heat capacity, and moisture content. The effect of these variables on the performance of the unit is evaluated through bench-scale treatability studies. Page No. 4 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B OTHER COMMENTS ON TECHNOLOGY Page No. 5 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS Media Actual/Potential _ _ Soil (in situ) X_ X_ Soil (ex situ) X_ X_ Sludge (Does not include municipal sewage sludge) _ X_ Solid (e.g., slag) _ _ Natural sediment (in situ) X_ X_ Natural sediment (ex situ) _ _ Groundwater (in situ) _ _ Off-gas generated from a primary innovative technology _ _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) in situ _ _ Light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPL) in situ Page No. 6 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS (Continued) Contaminants and Contaminant Groups Treated Actual/Potential Actual/Potential X_ X_ Halogenated volatiles _ X_ Heavy metals X_ X_ Halogenated semivolatiles _ _ Nonmetallic toxic elements X_ X_ Nonhalogenated volatiles _ _ Radioactive metals X_ X_ Nonhalogenated semivolatiles _ _ Asbestos _ X_ Organic pesticides/herbicides _ _ Inorganic cyanides _ X_ Dioxins/furans _ _ Inorganic corrosives X_ X_ PCBs _ X_ Polynuclear aromatics (PNAs) Miscellaneous_____________ X_ X_ Solvents _ _ Explosives/propellents _ X_ Benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene- _ X_ Organometallic pesticides/ xylene (BTEX) herbicides _ _ Acetonitrile (organic cyanide) _ _ Organic acids Others: Page No. 7 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B WASTE APPLICATIONS (Continued) Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated Actual/Potential Actual/Potential _ X_ Agriculture _ _ Munitions manufacturing _ _ Battery recycling/disposal _ X_ Paint/ink formulation _ X_ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ X_ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ X_ Coal gasification _ X_ Petroleum refining and reuse _ X_ Dry cleaners _ _ Photographic products _ _ Electroplating _ _ Plastics manufacturing _ X_ Gasoline/service station _ X_ Pulp and paper industry _ X_ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ X_ Other organic chemical manufacturing X_ X_ Industrial landfills _ X_ Other inorganic chemical _ X_ Inorganic/organic pigments manufacturing _ X_ Machine shops _ _ Rubber manufacturing _ _ Metal ore mining and smelting _ X_ Semiconductor manufacturing _ _ Municipal landfill _ X_ Wood preserving Others: _ _ Uranium mining ---------- Page No. 8 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. ______________________________________________ City: Rockford _________________________ State/Province: Illinois ____________________ Country: USA _______________ Project Took Place at Site Named: Yes At another Site (e.g., a Test Facility): No Industrial Waste Sources or Site Types Treated _ Agriculture _ Paint/ink formulation _ Battery recycling/disposal _ Pesticide manufacturing/use _ Chloro-alkali manufacturing _ Petroleum refining and reuse _ Coal gasification _ Photographic products _ Dry cleaning _ Plastics manufacturing _ Electroplating _ Pulp and paper industry _ Gasoline service station _ Other organic chemical manuf. _ Herbicide manufacturing/use _ Other inorganic chemical manufacturing X_ Industrial landfills _ Semiconductor manufacturing _ Inorganic/organic pigments _ Rubber manufacturing _ Machine shops _ Wood preserving _ Metal ore mining and smelting _ Uranium mining _ Municipal landfills _ Munitions manufacturing Others: __________ Page No. 9 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. ______________________________________________ Regulation/Statute/Organization Media _ RCRA Corrective Action _ Soil (in situ) X_ CERCLA X_ Soil (ex situ) _ TSCA _ Sludge _ Safe Drinking Water Act _ Solid _ UST Corrective Action _ Natural Sediment (in situ) _ U.S. Department of Defense _ Natural Sediment (ex situ) _ U.S. Department of Energy _ Groundwater (in situ) _ State: _ Off-gas generated from a primary treatment technology _ Other: _ Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Not Applicable _ Light nonaqueous phase liquid (in situ) _ Other: Volume/Quantity Treated: 7,500 __________ tons _______________(units) Area treated (for in situ projects): __________ _______________(units) Depth treated (for in sity projects): __________ _______________(units) Page No. 10 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. ______________________________________________ Application Type X_ Full-scale cleanup _ TSCA Research and Development _ Field Demonstration _ EPA SITE Demonstration Program _ Pilot scale treatability study _ EPA SITE Emerging Technology Program _ RCRA Research, Development and Demo _ Research _ TSCA National Demonstration Other: __________ Estimated or actual total and/or unit cost for this project Cost: 225 ____________ Units: ton _________________ Total: 150,000 ____________ Page No. 11 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. ______________________________________________ Performance Data Contaminant Untreated Concent. Treated Concent. ----------------------------- --------------------- --------------------- PCBs 10 -500 ppm 0 -5 ppm Page No. 12 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B REPRESENTATIVE PROJECTS Site Name or Industry Type if Client Identity Confidential: Acme Solvent Reclaiming, Inc. ______________________________________________ Person outside company familiar with project (optional): Name: ________________________________________ Company: ________________________________________ Address: ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Phone: Additional Project Information: _______________ Literature will be made available as soon as the final reports on this project are released. The sales department can be contacted at (404) 299-4650 for additional information regarding literature on the Thermal desorption unit and the site activities. Page No. 13 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TECHNICAL REFERENCES Author(s): Rouleau, Jeffrey F. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Title: Thermal Desorption - An Alternative to Mobile Incineration ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Journal/Conference: Association of Energy Engineers / Atlanta GA. Conference ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Date: 10/93 ____________________ NTIS/EPA Document Number(s): _________________________ Page No. 14 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TECHNICAL REFERENCES Author(s): O'Brien, John F. and Jeffrey F. Rouleau ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Title: Mobile High Temperature Thermal Desorption ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Journal/Conference: Superfund XIV - Washington D.C. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Date: 12/93 ____________________ NTIS/EPA Document Number(s): _________________________ Page No. 15 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TECHNICAL REFERENCES Author(s): Rouleau, Jeff ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Title: Application of High Temperature Anaerobic Thermal Desorption at a ________________________________________________________________________ CERCLA Site: A Case History ________________________________________________________________________ Journal/Conference: Pollution Engineering ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Date: 12/94 ____________________ NTIS/EPA Document Number(s): _________________________ Page No. 16 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B ESTIMATED PRICE RANGE Estimated price range per unit of waste treated : $ 150.00 __________ to $ 300.00 __________ per ton _______________ Price estimates shown above do not always include all indirect costs associated with treatment, such as excavation, permits and treatment of residuals. For price comparisons, users should make certain that vendors provide estimates based on comparable remediation activities. Factors that have a significant effect on unit price. (1 is highest). 2__ Initial contaminant concentration 1__ Moisture content of soil 3__ Target contaminant concentration __ Site Preparation 5__ Quantity of waste __ Waste handling/preprocessing __ Depth of contamination __ Amount of debris with waste __ Depth to groundwater 4__ Characteristics of soil __ Characteristics of residual waste 6__ Utility/Fuel rates __ Labor Rates Others: __________ Page No. 17 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B TREATABILITY STUDY CAPABILITIES (BENCH-SCALE) Description of bench-scale testing procedures: ---------- Westinghouse performs bench-scale treatability testing to determine the technical feasibility of thermal desorption processes to decontaminate site soils. Westinghouse has completed several bench-scale treatability studies. Westinghouse is extremely confident in the ability of the bench-scale testing program to accurately determine fundamental parameters of the thermal desorption process. Our full-scale equipment has been used to verify performance predictions based on the results obtained in bench-scale testing. The full-scale equipment can be mobilized quickly and economically to provide this on-site proof of performance pilot testing. The sample for each test is held in a solids sample holder constructed of stainless steel and insulated with fiberboard. The solids are placed in the sample holder in layers which are separated from adjacent layers by a square section of nickel screen. The screen marks the layer boundaries, allowing the layers to be later retrieved and analyzed for contaminant content. Since each solids layer has a thermocouple in its center, a final temperature versus contaminant concentration relationship can be directly determined. After the solids are loaded into the sample holder, a stainless steel cover is fastened to the holder. The cover has a thermocouple welded to its underside to provide temperature data on the heated cover. Inlet and outlet gas ports in the upper walls of the sample holder allow introduction and collection of a sweep gas across the air space above the solids. The furnace is fitted with silicon carbide heating rods connected to a power supply. All thermocouples and steam lines pass through penetrations in the back wall of the furnace. During testing, temperature readings are logged. Samples are tested with different final temperatures and different dwell times at the maximum temperature. The samples are then analyzed to develop the time versus final contaminant concentration relationship. This allows determination of the final temperature and dwell time necessary to achieve the required final contaminant level. The time/temperature profiles are used to determine the effective thermal conductivity and radiant adsorptivity of the samples. Can you conduct bench-scale treatability studies on some types of waste at your location: Yes Number of bench-scale studies conducted to date. (Does not include tests on surrogate wastes) : 10_____ Page No. 18 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B FULL SCALE INFORMATION Major unit processes : Process Components Primary Unit Scrubber System Water Treatment System Treated Soil Handling System Control System Continuous Emissions Monitoring System These components are transported to the site on eight trailers, providing ease of mobilization and assembly. Assembly and start-up requires about 10 working days. Primary Unit The feed material is transported by an incline conveyor and a feed hopper for processing by the primary unit. The feed hopper spreads the soil onto a wire mesh belt which transports the material through the primary unit. Soil lifters stir the feed material on the belt, increasing the contaminant removal. Silicon carbide resistance heating elements provide the heat in the primary unit. The processed feed material drops off the end of the belt in the discharge module where it is then quenched with water sprays. The bottom of the primary chamber consists of hoppers and screw conveyors to collect and remove soil that has fallen from the belt. The purge gas for the primary chamber is provided by steam from the inlet soil. The steam flows from the soil feed end toward the soil discharge end. Exhaust gases exit through the top of the primary chamber and are directed to the quench/scrubber by a duct. Scrubber System Exhaust gases flow into the quencher where the hot gases are cooled with water sprays. The quencher provides a significant amount of gas cleaning (approximately 90 percent of the gas condensed). Outflow from the quencher flows into a packed column scrubber. Gas is sent through the packed bed scrubber, countercurrent to a flow of water, and into a cooler. The cooled gases are then passed through a carbon adsorption bed and an induced draft fan before discharge. Water Treatment System The water enters the oil/water separator where the contaminants are separated from the water. Most of the water returns to the quench unit by way of a cooler. The remainder of the cooled water is sent through a carbon adsorption column, and is used as soil quench water. The liquid phase contaminants are removed from the oil/water separator and discharged into drums. The drums are then labeled, manifested, and sent to a fixed facility for incineration. Treated Soil Handling System After the material is cleaned and quenched, an auger conveys the soil out of the side of the chamber and onto an inclined screw conveyor. The screw conveyor deposits the soil into dump trucks or product bins for testing and final disposition. Control System The thermal desorption unit is controlled by a computer automated control system. A motor control center (MCC) mounted on the control trailer provides switching for all process motors. The operators' consoles provide the means for communication between the operators and the control system. Critical control parameters are monitored to ensure operation of the process within acceptable ranges. Whenever the monitored value of a parameter goes outside a limit, an alarm condition is generated. The programable logic controller (PLC) is programmed to respond to alarm conditions with specifications. An alarm condition may result in shutdown of some portion of the process or may disallow certain interlocked devices to operate. Page No. 19 of 19 VISITT 4.0 01/26/96 (s3B Vendor Name: WESTINGHOUSE REMEDIATION SERVICES, INC. Technology Type: THERMAL DESORPTION (s0B FULL SCALE INFORMATION (Continued) Vendor services: X_ Equipment manufacture X_ Subcontractor for cleanup services X_ Prime contractor for full-service remediation X_ Other: Remedial Design Full-scale facility is: X_ Transportable _ Fixed _ In situ Number of full-scale cleanups initiated or completed by this firm using this technology: 1______ Number of full-scale systems: 1_____ Planned/in design 0_____ Under construction 1_____ Constructed Capacity range: 1 ____________ to 20 ____________ tons/hour _______________ For equipment manufacturers - estimated or actual number of full-scale cleanups by other firms using this equipment: 0______